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25 septembra, 2016

Arhitekturo ljudem, arhitektom odgovornost in birokratom učinkovitost.

V zadnjih dneh je najbrž diplomiralo rekordno število novih arhitektov. Razlog za to je rok, ki ga je postavilo ministrstvo za dokončanje študija po starem, predbolonjskem sistemu.

Moja prva misel je, kaj bodo pa vsi ti arhitekti počeli? Vemo, da se že tako vsako leto na vseh slovenskih fakultetah izšola 200 novih arhitektov. Vsi vemo, da kljub temu, da smo uradno po ekonomskih kazalcih izstopili iz krize, ni veliko arhitekturnih projektov. Vemo tudi, da ni obvezujočih cenikov storitev in da trg deluje po dumpinških cenah, ki niso v korist kakovostni arhitekturi. Vsi vemo, da so konkurenca arhitektom še gradbeni inženirji, ki lahko brez arhitekta odgovarjajo naročnikom. Le 5 % zgrajenih objektov v Sloveniji naj bi načrtovali arhitekti. Vemo, da fakultete dobivajo sredstva glede na število vpisanih študentov. In vemo, da do sedaj področje arhitekture ni sistemsko urejeno. Arhitektom v praksi so dobro znane birokratske ovire pri pridobivanju gradbenih dovoljenj. Vemo tudi, da na upravnih enotah in v občinah skoraj ni zaposlenih arhitektov.

Kaj bo 200 novih arhitektov torej počelo?

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Foto: Mojca Gregorski: "New architects in last two days... Even more are comming :-)" 

Od 17.8. je odprta javna razprava, katere namen je urediti področje arhitekturne politike. Razpravo, z naslovom Arhitektura za ljudi, vodi Ministrstvo za kulturo. V kratkem naj bi predstavili konkretne predloge.

V sredo je potekala razprava tudi v Studiu ob sedemnajstih na Prvem programu nacionalnega radija. V razpravi je  dekan ljubljanske fakultete Peter Gabrijelčič postavil zanimivo vzporednico: po njegovem je arhitektura vsaj tako pomembna za narodno identiteto kot literatura. Jaz bi dodal, da slabo knjigo lahko zapreš in nehaš brati, slabo oblikovanega prostora pa ne moreš kar tako ignorirati. Če živiš v neurejenem okolju, je to edino merilo, skozi katerega vrednotiš prostor.

Nekoč sem nekje prebral; če želiš neko zadevo pustiti nerešeno, ustanovi čim več komisij, ki se bo ukvarjalo z rešitvijo te zadeve. Vsekakor upam, da nova strategija arhitekturne politike ne bo šla v to smer. Verjamem, da so najučinkovitejše najbolj enostavne rešitve.

Pogosto sem bil med postopki pridobivanja gradbenih dovoljenj deležen nerazumno dolgih rokov odločanja (ki bistveno presegajo zakonske roke), nerazumljivih dopolnitev zahtevane dokumentacije, ki je že tako preobsežna in v kateri se veliko stvari ponavlja. Veliko ustvarjalne energije je potrebne za interpretacijo lastne strokovno rešitve, da ustreza nekemu togemu zastarelemu prostorskemu predpisu. (Absurdno je, da nekaj občin še vedno uporablja predpise iz 80-ih let, ker pač še niso sprejeli novih!!!)

Rešitve nove prostorske politike bi morale biti enostavne in učinkovite. Arhitekturo ljudem, arhitektom odgovornost in birokratom učinkovitost.

Na prvem mestu bi morali uvesti cenik storitev, z določeno minimalno ceno in odvzemom licence za dumpinške cene. Vsak poseg v prostor bi moral podpisati arhitekt in zanj odgovarjati. Vsakemu arhitektu, ki sprejme kakršno koli podkupnino ali provizijo, bi morali odvzeti licenco.

Namesto obsežnih, restriktivnih in zapletenih prostorskih dokumentov, bi morali uvesti strokovno presojo posameznih posegov v prostor. Vsaka občina naj zaposli arhitekta/urbanista (teh je, kot v uvodu rečeno, dovolj) in ta naj presoja in nadzoruje posege v prostor. Tako bo arhitektura v rokah ljudi in ne birokratskih aparatov. Vsaka prostorska situacija je edinstvena in zahteva drugačen odgovor. Ta odgovor ne more biti v naprej določen in zapisan v birokratski dokument.

Arhitektov je na razpolago dovolj. Zaposlite jih na občinah in upravnih enotah!

inhabitants_per_architect_monditalia

Matevž Granda

 

 

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Revija Outsider

Revija Outsider je prejela Plečnikovo medaljo za prispevek k bogatitvi arhitekturne kulture. Kot piše v utemeljitvi, sta revija in spletni portal Outsider nov slovenski medij o kulturi in družbi, ki si prizadeva za poznavalski in hkrati distanciran pogled na prostor. Ekipa arhitektov, ki skrbi za njen obstoj, je nagrajena za inovativnost pri širjenju zavedanja o arhitekturi in prostoru v kontekstu širše kulture in širše javnosti ter za vztrajnost na vsebinski in finančni neodvisnosti.

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